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A circuit that converts a signal from one form to another: analog to digital, digital to analog, voltage to current, current to voltage, etc. The key to understanding is the transformational properties of the circuit, as opposed to just amplification or buffering.

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I try to design SMPS converter with flyback converter topology. I can find right value of flyback transformer. For CCM, what is the equation for calculating primary and secondary number of turns & ...
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Design a buck-boost converter that has a source that varies from 10 to 14 V. The output is regulated at 12 V. The load varies from 10 to 15 W. The output voltage ripple must be less than 1 percent for ...
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I have a vehicle with generator style speed signal generator and its output is linear from 0 -30VAC. This signal is used by the Dash mounted speedo without any issue. I now have a mandated requirement ...
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The comparator output is fed into the SAR control logic, and the resulting digital value is then converted into a digital-to-analog converter (using a simple resistor) and sent to the output, while ...
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I’m looking to use the high speed DAC DAC linked here, but am confused about what the expected output power when measuring in a 100 ohm load. So I see on page 14 the datasheet gives a power of 1.4 dbm ...
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Previously for my bidirectional convertor, I only found LTC3871 (from analog devices), which is very small 7x7mm, for converting from 24-> 11.85V and 48->12V (for buck) and, 5->47.4 and 12-&...
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If we have a 1 volt input of boost converter and it is operated in no load condition with a 10uF 50V rated capacitor at its output, is it dangerous to touch the output leads? I am making a boost ...
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I'm trying to understand the NEET from the Fast analytical techniques for electrical and electronic circuits book by Vatché Vorpérian. The book defines the following terms for the development of NEET: ...
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When designing a boost converter where the BJT is powered by a square wave from a relaxation oscillator (using TL071CP), I get a weird voltage signal when measuring Vce of the BJT MPS2222A. It appears ...
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If we have a boost converter that increases a 1.5 Volt battery voltage to 100 Volts at the output and the battery is let us say theoretically capable of continuously providing 1A of current, would ...
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I am not so experienced in designing circuits. I have a circuit I need to reorient the logic in: I need to connect a timer's timeout output signal so that it switches the input of an Integrated ...
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As a hobby project and a way to learn, I'm trying to make a 1x2 RGBHV distribution amplifier. I've got the amplification for the RGB part mostly figured out but I'm clueless on how to deal with the H/...
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I am trying to figure out the Vo2 waveform of the single phase dual converter shown below. At α2, T1' and T2' is triggered and forward biased, thus Vo2 follows the supply voltage. However, when supply ...
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I was reviewing the circuit design shared by Analog Devices in the reference schematic. This is a ready-to-use design provided in the datasheet, and there’s also a simulation file shared by the ...
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I have been having good and predictable results using an LC filter at the input of a buck converter to reduce conducted emissions. It is very effective below 1 MHz. The area the circuit fails is in ...
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I am designing a forward converter as part of my university project. I have completed the fundamental part of the design. I used active clamp circuits on both the primary and secondary sides. The ...
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Problem: I have an aftermarket (quartz) clock in my automobile. It now runs off a single AA (1.5V alkaline) battery. I wish to delete the AA battery and connect the clock directly to the OEM wiring in ...
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Recently I observed some phenomenon while simulating peak current mode Active Clamp Forward Converter using LT3752. My output voltage is 12 V when added voltage divider to secondary side controller (...
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I have added an aftermarket BT module to my car (Mercedes W211). The car has a factory hands-free calling system, and I would like to use the factory mic with the aftermarket module. There are several ...
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I am designing a DCM flyback converter with an input voltage range of 20 V to 120 V, an output voltage of 15 V, and an output current of 1 A. I have completed all the necessary calculations based on ...
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This table shows PCB clearance requirements, and I'm wondering if for B1, we can use these standards as long as the traces are covered with coating on the PCB? For top and bottom layers that are close ...
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I need help understanding how to compensate for the error amplifier in my circuit. My system parameters are as follows: V(In) 4 – 8 V V(Out) 250 V R(Load) 820 kΩ f(SW) 41.5 kHz Compensated ...
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I am currently designing a 100W flyback converter that steps down from 110V DC to 5V DC. The schematic and simulation values are provided in the attached file. Despite spending a considerable amount ...
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I have designed a flyback converter operating at 100W, stepping down from 110VDC to 5VDC. In this design, I implemented an active clamp circuit to improve efficiency and reduce voltage stress on the ...
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I recently purchased a vintage Braun DN30 alarm clock, which operates on 220V/50Hz. I need to convert it to 60Hz. Is it possible to achieve frequency conversion with minimal additional components ...
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https://www.digikey.com/en/products/detail/flex-power-modules/BMR4920300-864/17830016?s=N4IgTCBcDaIEIFkBKAWAnGADAZk5g9ABwBsKIAugL5A I want to make a breakout board for this voltage converter, ideally ...
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What time do you allow for soft start? I notice most are between 100ns and 2ms. I don't need to wait for over 100ms. But how do you pick your time? and around what time would be too much. For ...
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I'm trying to make a smart plug. Of course, I need an AC to DC converter circuit. Normally, when converting AC to DC, I lower the AC voltage with a transformer, make it DC through a bridge diode, ...
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I would like to use Renesas' iW9802 chip for a converter design competition, but I am facing difficulties due to the lack of information about the chip. While the chip is available for purchase, there ...
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So the immediate answer that came to be was obviously not, but let me tell you why I think it might be feasible and even preferable. By trade I am a mechanic but personally I forget whatever I know ...
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I have a pulse train with a frequency of 1Khz. Its duty cycle can be anywhere between 5% and 95%. But the voltage level of the pulse can also change and that is the information I would like to convert ...
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Please explain me this circuit. What is each element used for? what function does it perform? UPD: Thank you all for the comments and answers, I need to make a converter from UART to RS485. I searched ...
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For the avoidance of an X-Y problem, I'm trying to use the 0-10V outputs of a wall-powered device (A) to control a pair of proportional control valves (B1, B2), each powered by a shared 24V power ...
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I'm using this STM32F303 MCU and I need to power this Digilent Pmod RS232 (UART to RS232) converter module with schematics given here and apparently uses this ADM3232E IC. For the MCU I use the ...
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I have been working on a design for a surface mount practice kit for electronics students. I am a trained E tech, have a minor in EE and BS/MS in ECE with a focus on opto-electronics so PSU and PCB ...
Antone Bajor's user avatar
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I tried modifying the flyback converter circuit by changing only the switches to 2. I thought the voltage would be distributed evenly, half each, and in an ideal environment, it was implemented as ...
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1 answer
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Source: UCx84x Current-Mode PWM Controllers I would like to review if the PWM IC is sufficient to turn on the MOSFET when the average output current of the PWM IC is 200 mA. Usually, this would be ...
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i made a cascade dc converter using mc34063 but using an external transistor, my main goal is to charge the capacitor at the 2200uf output in about 5-8 seconds, the input voltage is 3.7 ideally when ...
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I'm building a frequency to voltage converter based on the schematics available for the LM2917N, but I'm having some trouble when I get to test it. I've done the simulation on LTspice and it works ...
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I designed a Multi-Winding/Multi-Output Flyback to generate +40V and -225V. In my application, the outputs need to work in a flip-flop load, where only one output handles a variable load of 0 to 50W ...
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I am trying to derive control to output transfer function of phase shift full bridge converter. Applying small signal analysis, I reach to the point/schematic as shown in the picture below: Document ...
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During t3-t4, only Q3 is ON shown with black arrow. On the bottom-right of the picture, primary voltage and primary coil current increases towards negative. I don't understand how the primary ...
Mhan's user avatar
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The application notes of phase shift full bridge converter states that ''the delay times need to achieve ZVS for MOSFETs can as a duty cycle clamp''. They have a calculation as given below. The ...
Mhan's user avatar
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The output capacitor used in the phase shift full bridge converter has RMS current calculation in the Texas document. Calculation is given below: Source: https://www.lcsc.com/datasheet/...
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Circuit 1 AA battery (1.5v) connected to step up module (5v) can power a 5V DC cooling fan standard Circuit 2 if a DC centrifugal/ radial 5V cooling fan is connected then its not working. I tried 2 AA ...
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I am following this Analog Mind article by Behzad Razavi (DOI : 10.1109/MSSC.2020.3036143), I am trying to design a gate bootstrapped switch which can sample 12-bits at 500MHz using the process ...
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You know those basic AC/DC adapter that come with every small appliance? What's the real map of the current technology/capacity? Averages, ballparks, IME allowed. For example, I have plenty of 110V AC ...
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Beginner here. I would like to power an ESP32 (3,3V) from a 1s LiPO and I would like to combine LTC2954-1 Pushbutton On/Off Controller (https://www.analog.com/media/en/technical-documentation/data-...
Thomas's user avatar
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Shift and add 3 is a high quality algorithm for converting binary quantities into BCD quantities, very simple but very cleaver, here are the general steps (I am omitting the column arrange preamble): ...
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Below is an example diagram from the TL494 datasheet. The maximum collector current of TL494 is 250 mA. There is a calculation of the base current and R10 base resistance for Q1 (pnp) using the hfe ...
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