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Antenna (radio), also known as an aerial, a transducer designed to transmit or receive electromagnetic (e.g. TV or radio) waves. -Wikipedia

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I understand that in the near field of a loop antenna the magnetic field dominates, before it has formed a radiative propagating EM wave. Based on this, and the fact that magnetic fields can penetrate ...
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I'm working on a 4-layer PCB that uses this 2.4 GHz chip antenna, and I'd appreciate some expert opinions or comments on the layout. This board will be used for Wi-Fi/BLE, and I want to ensure good RF ...
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Biasing of RF resonator with pin diode Here a paper my question origins from “Programmable Metasurface Based on Substrate-Integrated Waveguide for Compact Dynamic-Pattern Antenna”, from Shangyang Li ...
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I have noticed on several occasions that some internal WiFi cards and some motherboards with WiFi provide open, unterminated, antenna connections. I am starting with the following assumptions: A WiFi ...
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When looking at an antenna datasheet, there is a polar plot (below image) that shows the antenna's characteristics in different planes. I would like to know what this plot represents. Is it EIRP, ...
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I constructed an antenna device (2RX 1TX) from this Jon Kraft video for an ongoing project in an anechoic chamber. In all honesty, my knowledge in this area is quite limited and I'm a getting a bit ...
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I’m currently developing a handheld device using the S2LP as an RF transceiver, and I’ve run into something I can’t quite explain about the noise floor during receive mode. Here’s the noise floor the ...
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I’m new to RF design and need some guidance. My board has a wireless module where the ANT output goes through a matching network and then to a U.FL connector, which connects to the antenna. This chip ...
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I am confused at how a Faraday cage can shield enclosed electronics without becoming an antenna. Situation 'A': Consider a particle inside an ungrounded metallic Faraday cage whose charge oscillates ...
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I am getting confused and overwhelmed by all the information about communication protocols etc. when I want to just clarify the basic physics. NFC: From what I can tell it's just basic inductive ...
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I asked this question on amateur radio here and was advised to ask on the electrical engineering stack. I am working on a paper that requires to measure a sort of access/exposure of each municipality ...
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I’m designing a BLE temperature sensor using Nordic’s nRF52805 (WLCSP) and a Johanson 2.4 GHz antenna, built on a flexible CopperFlex PCB (JLCPCB). The layout has a short feed line between the ...
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I'm new to PCB design and I'm working on a very small board that requires a 2.4GHz antenna for BLE. I am very restricted as to where I can place the antenna due to buttons and LCD pad strips that can'...
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Suppose I have a antenna and the wavelength of the wave which gets transmitted is 0.5m.The optimal length of the antenna for transmission is 0.5/2 = 0.25m.Suppose now that I buy wire from my local ...
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I'm building a board with a A7682E GSM LTE Cat1 radio module. About antenna, the hardware integration manual states this: I unable to find the recommended TVS diodes nor their datasheets to find ...
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I'm building a board with a A7682E GSM radio module. About antenna, the hardware integration manual states this: Is the "RF connector", the one I should plug the VNA into for impedance ...
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I am considering building a remote control device (I haven't decided what to control yet). My circuit is very simple: simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab When I close the ...
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I am designing the impedance matching network for TX and RX pin for the STM32WL33C8 similar to the reference design: So far I have calculated the matching impedances to make the impedance 50 ohm in ...
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I'm a mechanical engineer, so my electrical knowledge is limited, but I still don't understand the grounding of antennas. The strings of a guitar will produce interference with the music signal ...
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A radio oscillator circuit is composed of quartz and various other recognized components. For instance, when a 25MHz quartz crystal is oscillating, it is indeed a passive component that requires an ...
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Project Description: A hand-held GPS device with a built-in screen. I designed the schematics for the GPS part of the system, I made a custom simple bias-tee (since bias-tee modules on digikey are ...
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I am making a modular handheld GPS device, and I am using STM32 MCU as the platform. These are my parts: RF Female Connector, Antenna, GPS. This is my schematic: My issue is this. The antenna needs ...
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Original question: I understand transformers are often used for converting impedance, for example the secondary feeder loop on a loop antenna. However what I can't get my head around is why ...
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I am trying to create an ultra low energy FM transmitter that can transmit sound over a distance of about 50cm. I used a Colpitts oscillator and it seemed to work fine, however touching the antenna ...
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I'm trying to identify the type and specifications of the wire antenna used in the Shelly RGBW2 device. Could someone help me determine its type, length, material, and suggest where I might be able to ...
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I’m simulating waveguide fed metamaterial antenna in HFSS for beam steering, but confused which boundary condition I should use. I firstly used Radiation box, but somewhere I read that PML is more ...
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I am designing my first RF reception circuit. It's purpose is to receive European FM band broadcasts which operate at 87.5 - 108 MHz. The center frequency can be rounded to 98 MHz and bandwidth to 20 ...
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I'm a junior EE working on an avionics system for a model rocket. I'm trying to implement telemetry. The telemetry should send flight data (IMU, power, etc.) along with GPS location data, to the ...
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EDIT: will this part - MMZ1608Y152B - act as a ferrite ring-over-coax but over a PCB trace instead of a coax cable ? If not, are there any such parts for SMD soldering on a PCB, and how to mount them, ...
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In SX1268 Sub-GHz Transceiver datasheet I see it mentions: Image attenuation (IMA) Without/With IQ calibration = 35/54 dB When I search for image attenuation I find results about actual images. The ...
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I am simulating a 2 by 2 patch antenna array with Wilkson power splitter. This power splitter require 100 ohm resistor. I use 0603 for this SMD resistor. Here is my EM simulation s-paramter plot in ...
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I am designing a PCB that uses the ESP32-S3-MINI-1U module with an external antenna. My question is: what are the requirements for using an external antenna with the ESP32? I understand that the ...
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while looking for a high-gain antenna for 2.4 GHz WiFi (= getting platonically involved in archaeology and an illicit activity ;-), I have come across multiple sources on e-bay and elsewhere, selling ...
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As per the Radar - range equation Now, For a SNR vs Range analysis I am interested in , I wished to know the value of B or Noise Bandwidth for the Texas Instrument AWR1843 automotive radar. Already ...
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Received free Poyington 2X2 antenna in great shape but the wiring is torn out. Inside, there is a small board for the wires but it looks damaged and the coax cables are torn torn away. I want to ...
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I am trying to measure change in fluorescence intensity caused by a RF field coming out a shorted coaxial on a spin system like shown in the schematic below (Ref). Since this change in fluorescence is ...
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I’m trying to figure out how to properly design layout for the AH316M245001-T chip antenna: Here is the layout from the datasheet The datasheet shows the antenna placed on a copper-free zone, but ...
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I am currently developing a 4 layer PCB contactless reader based on the MFRC522 which I use to write 4KB of data on a MIFARE card. I have followed AN1445 Topology 1 design and my antenna is similar to ...
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I've drawn the state diagram demonstrating the process in monopole antenna: Whether the diagram depict the gist of process? Is really a waves are generated in way of continuous changing of potentials ...
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Free space has a characteristic impedance of approximately 377 Ohms. If the receiver antenna's impedance is not matched to this, some of the incoming electromagnetic wave's energy may be reflected, ...
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I'm designing a PCB business card that includes an NFC antenna for sharing contact information with mobile devices. There are two specific design choices I'm considering, and I’d like to understand ...
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I have two identical antennas both placed 2 m above a plane ground, each with a VSWR of 1.6, maximum directivity of 16 dBi and radiation efficiency of 92 %. The antennas are impedance-matched to their ...
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Perhaps my initial understanding is wrong but when dealing with transmission lines and antennas, i see that antennas must be matched to the transmission line as the energy has already been launched ...
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As asked in my previous question. I would like to build AM radio receiver without handmade ferrite coil. Instead I want to use small THT coil (like this one or similar). Because ferrite acts as ...
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I want to build a simple AM receiver circuit based on this schematic from https://makerf.com/posts/an_lm386_powered_crystal_radio_in_an_altoids_smalls_tin. Instead of 1N34 I will use modern Schottky ...
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I've got a huawei 5G CPE router here. The DIV & MAIN ts9 connectors for an an external 5G antenna are wired in parallel with the 2 internal cellular antennas. How can they get away with that? ...
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My team is working on a project comprising of a thin membrane for antenna application. We wish to measure the surface rms that we have achieved. The requirement is to achieve <2mm rms for which we ...
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I have designed a node/gateway Lora network for my farm sensors It is based in the ra-01sch LoRa module that uses Semtech LLCC68 LoRa transceiver chipset This has been working well with simple spring ...
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I am currently trying to measure the G/T of a standard gain horn using the Y-factor method in interior in an attempt to figure out an experimental protocol to measure it for more complex antennas in ...
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I am not understanding how we arrived at this expression. The basic logarithmic formulas used are incorrect.
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