This IC has a standard open collector output, that needs an external choke to power the transistor, and provide the output swing above the rail. It's impossible to integrate this high current inductor into an IC 1. In addition, the IC has some low current bias control processing, which is supplied by the VCC pin. Assume that all the datasheet supply current flows through the inductor, for purposes of specifying the inductor max current.
There are two regimes to consider for this power supply inductor. Narrowband use, and wideband use.
Narrowband is relatively easy. You are either choosing the inductor impedance to be high with respect to the system impedance, or to be a filter component. At SRF, the self capacitance of the inductor raises the impedance considerably over the \$2\pi f L\$, so choosing an SRF at the operating frequency is a sensible choice. But it's not the only choice, as a higher SRF and a high enough inductance may get you to a suitable impedance. For sufficiently narrowband work, and high enough frequency, it's common to see a λ/4 line being used.
To add to the if/then complexity, there are two ways to using a lower impedance L as a filter component. It might be a serious filter designed to a specification, in which case you will just have to sit down with a suitable design program and choose a suitable component. It might be that you want it to work with a small series coupling capacitor to look fairly '50 Ω ish' up to a high corner frequency, which correction you can design on the back of an envelope.
Wideband operation is where it gets harder, especially down to very low frequencies. The inductor becomes physically large and the SRF too low for a single component solution. The designer usually ends up with a sequence of different inductor values, with a small one connected to the line, backed up by one or more larger inductors, providing the inductance for lower frequencies. Generally the larger inductors need to be shunted by resistors, to tame the inevitable resonances.
1 I'm not even going to qualify that with 'with current technology'. It's a materials physics thing, the conductivity of copper, the permeability of air, iron or ferrite.
