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I am playing with a differential equation whose solutions are conical functions (Legendre functions with a complex order) with a pure imaginary argument $ P_{i\nu -1/2}(i \sinh \xi) $ or $Q_{i\nu -1/2}(i \sinh \xi)$. Playing around by plotting them using Mathemica suggests that $$ Q_{i\nu-1/2}(i\sinh \xi)= -i\frac{\pi }2 P_{i\nu-1/2}(i\sinh \xi). $$ Is this a correct result with the usual definitions of these functions?

I worry because Mathematica has an ideosyncratic definition of the associated conical functions $P^k_{i\nu -1/2}(x)$, which are usually defined to be real functions of $x$ when $x$ is real, but Mathematica makes them purely imaginary when $k$ is an odd integer and seems to have weird definitions when $k$ is not an integer.

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  • $\begingroup$ Would you show the standard definition of Legendre functions so that the comparison with MMA definition is possible. $\endgroup$ Commented Apr 17 at 2:07
  • $\begingroup$ There are four standards of special functions - for use in mathematical physics mainly - now, Gradshteyn/Rhyzik, Abramovitz/Stegun, NIST handbook and Mathematica and other implementations. Mathematica implementations are not documented in a transparent way by scientific standards with its sources, but often follows Abramowitz/Stegun, while pure mathematicians prefer Gradshteyn. The NIST handbook follows Gradshteyn as far as I have checked it. Its dowloadable as is Gradshteyn/Rhyzik. $\endgroup$ Commented Apr 17 at 7:34
  • $\begingroup$ @Roland F and @ A. Kato Thanks for the answers! I realize that my claimed proportionality is not correct. I had looked at the mathematica plots and from them assumed ${\rm Im}Q_{i\nu-1/2}(ix)$ is symmetric in $x$ and ${\rm Re}Q_{i\nu-1/2}(ix)$ is antisymmetric. It almost is for $\nu>2$, but linear combinations are required for what I want. I found the actual Mathematica definitions by looking at the coefficients in the power series expansions about $x=0$. Lots of complex valued Gamma funtions, but they simplify dramatically on the use of Gamma identities. $\endgroup$ Commented Apr 17 at 12:30

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